Niacin

Niacin, okanye ivithamin B3, yenye yeevithamini eziyimfuneko ze-B-ezintsonkothileyo ezinyibilikayo emanzini ekufuneka umzimba ujike ukutya kube ngamandla. Zonke iivithamini kunye neeminerali zibalulekile kwimpilo egqibeleleyo, kodwa i-niacin ilunge ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zemithambo-luvo kunye nezokwetyisa. Makhe sijonge nzulu ngakumbi ukuqonda ngcono izibonelelo ze-niacin kunye neziphumo zayo ebezingalindelekanga.

I-Niacin ikhona ngokwemvelo kukutya okuninzi kwaye iyafumaneka kwifomu yokuncedisa kunye ne-prescription, ngoko kulula ukufumana i-niacin eyaneleyo kwaye uvune izibonelelo zayo zempilo. Izicubu emzimbeni ziguqula i-niacin ibe yicoenzyme esetyenziswayo ebizwa ngokuba yinicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), esetyenziswa ziienzymes ezingaphezu kwama-400 emzimbeni ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo.

Nangona ukusilela kwe-niacin kunqabile phakathi kwabantu base-United States, kunokuba nzima kwaye kubangele isifo se-systemic esibizwa ngokuba yi-pellagra. Iimeko ezingephi ze-pellagra zinokubangela urhudo kunye ne-dermatitis, ngelixa iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zinokubangela ukuphambana kwengqondo kwaye zide zibulale.

I-Pellagra ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala, kodwa inokuphetshwa ngokutya isibonelelo sokutya esicetyiswayo (RDA) se-niacin. I-RDA yabantu abadala ye-niacin yi-14 ukuya kwi-16 mg ngosuku. I-Niacin ifumaneka ngokulula ekutyeni okufana nentlanzi, inkukhu, inyama yenkomo, iturkey, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. I-Niacin inokwenziwa emzimbeni nge-amino acid tryptophan. Le amino acid ifumaneka ekutyeni okufana nenkukhu, iturkey, iindongomane, imbewu, kunye neemveliso zesoya.

I-Niacin ikwakwii-multivitamin ezininzi ezingaphaya kwe-counter njengesongezelelo sokutya. Zombini i-Nature Made kunye ne-Centrum i-multivitamins yabantu abadala iqulethe i-20 mg ye-niacin kwithebhulethi nganye, emalunga ne-125% ye-RDA yabantu abadala. I-Nicotinic acid kunye ne-nicotinamide ziintlobo ezimbini zezongezo ze-niacin. I-over-the-counter supplements ye-niacin ifumaneka kwiindidi zamandla (50 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg) eziphezulu kune-RDA. Iifom zemithi ye-niacin ziquka amagama e-brand afana ne-Niaspan (ukukhululwa okwandisiweyo) kunye ne-Niacor (ukukhululwa ngokukhawuleza) kwaye zifumaneka kumandla aphezulu njenge-1,000 mg. I-Niacin inokufumaneka kwifomula yokukhululwa okwandisiweyo ukunciphisa ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-niacin imiselwe kunye ne-cholesterol-ehlisa amayeza afana ne-statins ukunceda ukuqhelanisa amanqanaba e-lipid yegazi.

Obunye ubungqina bubonisa ukuba i<em>niacin ilungile kubantu abasengozini eyongezelelekileyo yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo nesifo sentliziyo kuba ayithobi nje kuphela iLDL cholesterol kodwa ikwathoba i<em>triglycerides. I-Niacin inokunciphisa amanqanaba e-triglyceride ngama-20% ukuya kuma-50%.