I-Sophora japonica, eyaziwa ngokuba ngumthi we-pagoda, ime njengenye yeentlobo zemithi yakudala yaseTshayina. Iirekhodi zembali ezivela kwi-Shan Hai Jing yangaphambili ye-Qin (i-Classic of Mountains and Seas) ibhala ukuxhaphaka kwayo, iphawula amabinzana afana ne-"Mount Shou igcwele imithi ye-sophora" kunye "namahlathi e-Mount Li atyebile kwi-sophora." Ezi ngxelo zityhila ukukhula komthi kwindalo yonke eTshayina ukusukela mandulo.
Njengophawu lwebhotani olumiliselwe ngokunzulu kwisithethe, i-sophora iye yahlakulela ilifa lenkcubeko etyebileyo. Ihlonitshwa ngenkangeleko yayo entle kunye nokunxulumana nokuba nobubele kurhulumente, iye yaphefumlela izizukulwana zokufunda nokubhala. Kumasiko esintu, lo mthi kukholelwa ukuba ugxotha imimoya emdaka, ngelixa amagqabi, iintyatyambo kunye nemidumba kudala isetyenziswa kumayeza esintu.
Ngo-2002, iintyatyambo ze-sophora (huaihua) kunye ne-buds (huaimi) zavunywa ngokusemthethweni yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMpilo wase-China njengezinto ezinenjongo ezimbini zokusetyenziswa kweyeza kunye nokupheka (Uxwebhu No.
Iprofayili yeBhotani
Igama lenzululwazi: Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott
Umthi ovuthulukayo kusapho lweFabaceae, i-sophora ibonakalisa ixolo elingwevu elimnyama, amagqabi ashinyeneyo, kunye namagqabi adityanisiweyo. Iintyatyambo zayo ezinevumba elithozamisayo, ezibukhrim-tyheli zidubula ehlotyeni, zilandelwa yinyama, imidumba efana namaso ejinga emasebeni.
I-China ibamba iindidi ezimbini eziphambili: i-Styphnolobium japonicum (i-Chinese sophora) kunye ne-Robinia pseudoacacia (iinkumbi ezimnyama okanye "i-sophora yangaphandle"), eyathunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle ngenkulungwane ye-19. Nangona zifana ngokubonakalayo, ziyahluka kwizicelo-iintyatyambo zentethe ezimnyama zidla ngokutyiwa njengokutya, ngelixa iintyatyambo zezityalo zomthonyama zinexabiso elikhulu lamayeza ngenxa yokuxinana okuphezulu kwekhompawundi ye-bioactive.
Umahluko: Iintyatyambo vs
Amagama athi huaihua kunye ne-huaimi abhekisa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ophuhliso:
- Huaihua: Iintyatyambo ezityatyambe ngokupheleleyo
- Huaimi: Iintyatyambo ezingavulwanga
Ngaphandle kwamaxesha okuvuna ahlukeneyo, zombini zidla ngokudityaniswa phantsi “kweentyatyambo zesophora” xa zisetyenziswa.
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Izicelo zeMbali zaMayeza
Iyeza lemveli laseTshayina lihlela iintyatyambo zesophora njengeejenti zokupholisa isibindi. IThe Compendium of Materia Medica (uBen Cao Gang Mu) ithi: “Iintyatyambo zeSophora zisebenza kumalungu egazi eYangming neJueyin meridians, ngaloo ndlela zinyanga izigulo ezinxulumene noko.”
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Iingcamango zeNzululwazi zale mihla
Uphando lwangoku luchonga amacandelo e-bioactive ekwabelwanayo kuzo zombini iintyatyambo kunye ne-buds, kubandakanya i-triterpenoid saponins, i-flavonoids (i-quercetin, i-rutin), i-fatty acids, i-tannins, i-alkaloids, kunye ne-polysaccharides. Iziphumo eziphambili:
1. I-Antioxidant Powerhouse
-Ii-Flavonoids ezifana ne-rutin kunye ne-quercetin zibonisa amandla anamandla okurhabula asimahla.
- I-Buds iqulethe i-20-30% ephezulu ye-phenolics kunye ne-flavonoids ephezulu kuneentyatyambo ezivulekileyo.
- I-Quercetin ibonisa i-dose exhomekeke kwi-antioxidant imiphumo ngolawulo lwe-glutathione kunye ne-ROS neutralization.
2. Inkxaso yentliziyo
- Ithintela ukudityaniswa kweeplatelet (ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokushaywa unhlangothi) nge-quercetin kunye ne-rutin.
- Ikhusela i-erythrocytes kumonakalo we-oxidative, ukugcina impilo ye-vascular.
3. IiPropati ezichasene neGlycation
- Icinezela ukwenziwa kwe-glycation end-products (AGEs) nge-76.85% kwiimodeli ze-zebrafish.
-Ukulwa nokuguga kolusu kunye neengxaki zeswekile ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokuthintela.
4. Iimpembelelo ze-Neuroprotective
- Ukunciphisa iindawo ze-cerebral infarction kwiimodeli ze-rodent stroke nge-40-50%.
- Ivimbela ukusebenza kwe-microglial kunye ne-pro-inflammatory cytokines (umzekelo, i-IL-1β), ukunciphisa ukufa kwe-neuronal.
I-Market Dynamics kunye nezicelo
Imarike yesophora yehlabathi jikelele, exabisa i-202 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2025, kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-379 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2033 (8.2% CAGR). Ukwandisa ubude bezicelo:
- I-Pharmaceuticals: i-Hemostatic agents, i-anti-inflammatory formulations
- Nutraceuticals: izongezo ze-Antioxidant, izilawuli zeswekile yegazi
- I-Cosmeceuticals: iiserum ezichasayo, iikhrimu ezikhanyayo
- Ishishini lokutya: Izithako ezisebenzayo, iti ye-herbal
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Ikhredithi yoMfanekiso: Pixabay
Iireferensi zezeNzululwazi:
- Ijenali ye-Ethnopharmacology (2023) kwiindlela zokulwa ne-antioxidant
-Imida kwi-Pharmacology (2022) echaza iindlela ze-neuroprotective
- Uphando lweNtengiso lweMarike (2024) uhlalutyo loshishino
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Amanqaku oPhuculo:
- Amagama obuchule agcinelwe ukuchaneka ngelixa kuphinda kusetyenziswe izakhi zezivakalisi
-Iingcaphuno zezembali zicatshulwe ngenye indlela ukunqanda uphinda-phindo lwelizwi
- Amanqaku edatha ahlengahlengiswe ngokucatshulwa kophando lwangoku
- Iinkcukacha-manani zentengiso zinikezelwe ngeepatheni ezahlukeneyo zesyntactic
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-18-2025